DHRITARASHTRA.
In the Mahabharata, Dhritarashtra (Sanskrit: धृतराष्ट्र,) "He who supports/bears the nation) is
the King of Hastinapur at the time of the Kurukshetra
War, the epic's climactic event. He was born the son of Vichitravirya's first wife Ambika, and was fathered by
Veda Vyasa. Dhritarashtra was blind from birth, and
became father to one hundred sons (and one daughter) by his wife Gandhari (Gāndhārī), with Yuyutsu. These
children, including the eldest son Duryodhana, came to be known as
the Kauravas.
With Vichitravirya having died of sickness, Bhishma unable to take the
throne because of his vow, and Bahlika's line unwilling to leave
Bahlika Kingdom, there was as succession crisis in Hastinapur. Satyavati invites her
son Vyasa to impregnate the queens Ambika and Ambalika under the Niyoga practice. When Vyasa
went to impregnate Ambika, she got frightened due to his scary appearance and
closed her eyes during their union; hence, her son was born blind.
Dhritarashtra, along
with his younger half-brother Pandu is trained in the
military arts by Bhishma and Kripacharya. Hindered by his handicap,
Dhritarashtra is unable to wield weapons, but is having the strength one
hundred thousand elephants due to boon of Vyasa and
is said to be so strong that he can crush iron with his hand.
When it came time to
nominate an heir, Vidura suggested that
Pandu would be a better fit because he wasn't blind. Though bitter at the
result, Dhritarashtra willingly conceded the crown though this act would flower
into the protectiveness he would have over his crown later in
life. Dhritarashtra marries Gandhari of
Hastinapur's weakened and lowly vassal Ghandar; Gandhari covers
her eyes with cloth in order to better understand her husband's blindness. He
and Gandhari had
one hundred sons, called the Kauravas and one daughter Dushala. He also had a son named Yuyutsu with Sauvali (concubine).
Lord Krishna as a peace emissary of Pandavas traveled to Hastinapura
persuading Kauravas to avoid bloodshed of their own kin. However Duryodhana conspired to arrest him that
resulted in failure of mission. After Krishna's peace mission failed and the
war seemed inevitable, Vyasa approached
Dhritarashtra and offered to grant him divine vision, so that Dhritarashtra
could see the war. However, not willing to see his kin slaughtered,
Dhritarashtra asked that the boon be given to Sanjaya his charioteer. Sanjaya dutifully
narrates the war to his liege, reporting how Bhima killed
all his children. Sanjaya would console the blind king while challenging the
king with his own viewpoints and morals. When Lord Krishna displayed his
Vishvarupa (Universal Form) to Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, Dhritarashtra regretted not
possessing the divine sight.
Dhritarashtra was
confident that Bhishma, Drona, Karna and
other invincible warriors would make the Kaurava camp victorious. He rejoiced
whenever the tide of war turned against Pandavas. However, the results of the
war devastated him. All of his trueborn sons were killed in the carnage.
Dhritarashtra's only daughter Duhsala was widowed. Yuyutsu had defected to Pandava side at
the onset of war and was the only son of Dhritrashtra who had managed to
survive Kurukshetra War.
After the
Kurukshetra war, Dhritrarashtra asked Krishna, “I had hundred sons and all
of them were killed in the war. Why? Krishna replied, “Fifty lifetimes
ago, you were a hunter. While hunting, you tried to shoot a male bird,
but it flew away. In anger, you ruthlessly slaughtered the hundred baby birds
that were there in the nest. The father-bird had to watch in helpless agony.
Because you caused that father-bird the pain of seeing the death of his
hundreds sons, you too had to bear the pain of your hundred sons dying.
Dhritarastra said, "Ok, but why did I have to wait for fifty lifetimes?" Krishna answered, "You were accumulating punya (pious credits) during the last fifty lifetimes to get a hundred sons because that requires a lot of punya. Then you got the reaction for the papa (sin) that you have done fifty lifetimes ago."
Dhritarastra said, "Ok, but why did I have to wait for fifty lifetimes?" Krishna answered, "You were accumulating punya (pious credits) during the last fifty lifetimes to get a hundred sons because that requires a lot of punya. Then you got the reaction for the papa (sin) that you have done fifty lifetimes ago."
After
the great war of Mahabharat, the grief-stricken blind king along with his
wife Gandhari, sister-in-law Kunti, and
half brother Vidura left Hastinapur for penance. It is
believed that all of them (except Vidura who predeceased him) perished in a
forest fire and attained Moksha.
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